Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) Practice Test

When a newborn is apneic and not responding to stimulation, the immediate and critical step is to provide positive pressure ventilation. This action is essential because the newborn's failure to breathe effectively can lead to a significant drop in oxygen levels, putting them at risk for hypoxia and other serious complications. Positive pressure ventilation helps to deliver oxygen directly into the lungs, restoring adequate oxygenation and supporting the infant’s respiratory function.

In the context of neonatal resuscitation, this is a vital intervention that must be performed promptly. The use of positive pressure ventilation can stabilize the newborn's condition and is a primary component of the protocols outlined in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program. The other options provided, such as initiating chest compressions or administering intravenous fluids, are typically pursued only after establishing effective ventilation or if there are signs of cardiac compromise. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is not appropriate for newborns; instead, bag-mask ventilation techniques are utilized to ensure proper airway management and oxygen delivery. Thus, providing positive pressure ventilation is the most immediate and appropriate response in the scenario presented.